See worm in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "worm"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "worm"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wirm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wyrm"
},
"expansion": "Old English wyrm",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wurmi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wurmi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wurmiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wurmiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wr̥mis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English wyrm, from Proto-West Germanic *wurmi, from Proto-Germanic *wurmiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wormes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wormen",
"tags": [
"error-unknown-tag",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "werm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wirm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "worme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wrim",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wurm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wyrm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wyrme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "worm",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "wormes",
"pl2": "wormen",
"pl2_qual": "mostly early"
},
"expansion": "worm (plural wormes or (mostly early) wormen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "glouworm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wormwode"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 3 8 6 7 7 4 19 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 2 8 8 8 6 2 15 26",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "enm:Animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 2 8 8 8 5 3 17 26",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 2 6 13 6 13 2 16 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "enm:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 5 14 5 11 12 16 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Worms",
"orig": "enm:Worms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A worm or insect resembling one:",
"An insect that infests organic matter (e.g. a maggot)"
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-MgCrKiNn",
"links": [
[
"worm",
"worm#English"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"resembling",
"resemble"
],
[
"infest",
"infest"
],
[
"organic",
"organic"
],
[
"matter",
"matter"
],
[
"maggot",
"maggot#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A worm or insect resembling one:",
"A parasitic worm (especially of the stomach)"
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-lq77CW4F",
"links": [
[
"worm",
"worm#English"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"resembling",
"resemble"
],
[
"parasitic",
"parasitic"
],
[
"especially",
"especially#English"
],
[
"stomach",
"stomach#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 5 14 5 11 12 16 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Worms",
"orig": "enm:Worms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A worm or insect resembling one:",
"A worm symbolising regret or malice."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-1Fttg~yb",
"links": [
[
"worm",
"worm#English"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"resembling",
"resemble"
],
[
"symbolising",
"symbolise"
],
[
"regret",
"regret"
],
[
"malice",
"malice"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 2 6 13 6 13 2 16 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "enm:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A snake or snakish monster:",
"A dragon (mythological lizard)"
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-nHuQPG1Y",
"links": [
[
"snake",
"snake"
],
[
"snak",
"snak"
],
[
"monster",
"monster"
],
[
"dragon",
"dragon"
],
[
"mythological",
"mythological#English"
],
[
"lizard",
"lizard#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 5 14 5 11 12 16 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Worms",
"orig": "enm:Worms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A snake or snakish monster:",
"A monster that torments sinners in Hell."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-SXnMC4Q~",
"links": [
[
"snake",
"snake"
],
[
"snak",
"snak"
],
[
"monster",
"monster"
],
[
"torment",
"torment"
],
[
"sinner",
"sinner"
],
[
"Hell",
"Hell"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 2 6 13 6 13 2 16 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "enm:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 5 14 5 11 12 16 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Worms",
"orig": "enm:Worms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any pestilential or creeping creature."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-u2j18Yuo",
"links": [
[
"pestilential",
"pestilential"
],
[
"creep",
"creep"
],
[
"creature",
"creature"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 5 14 5 11 12 16 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Worms",
"orig": "enm:Worms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pauper, miser, or other contemptuous individual."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-98ngmlrp",
"links": [
[
"pauper",
"pauper"
],
[
"miser",
"miser"
],
[
"contemptuous",
"contemptuous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 3 8 6 7 7 4 19 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 2 8 8 8 6 2 15 26",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "enm:Animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 2 8 8 8 5 3 17 26",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 2 6 13 6 13 2 16 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "enm:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Satan, the Devil."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-rU3HGMCO",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"Satan",
"Satan"
],
[
"Devil",
"Devil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity, rare) Satan, the Devil."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Veterinary medicine",
"orig": "enm:Veterinary medicine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 3 8 6 7 7 4 19 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 2 8 8 8 6 2 15 26",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "enm:Animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 2 8 8 8 5 3 17 26",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 2 6 13 6 13 2 16 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "enm:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 5 14 5 11 12 16 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Worms",
"orig": "enm:Worms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A muscle under a dog's tongue."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-mhQg5uFx",
"links": [
[
"veterinary medicine",
"veterinary medicine"
],
[
"muscle",
"muscle"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(veterinary medicine, rare) A muscle under a dog's tongue."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"pathology",
"sciences",
"veterinary",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wurm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/wɛrm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/wirm/",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"word": "worm"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English weak nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Animals",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Mythological creatures",
"enm:People",
"enm:Worms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "worm"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "worm"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wirm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wyrm"
},
"expansion": "Old English wyrm",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wurmi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wurmi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wurmiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wurmiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wr̥mis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English wyrm, from Proto-West Germanic *wurmi, from Proto-Germanic *wurmiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wormes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wormen",
"tags": [
"error-unknown-tag",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "werm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wirm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "worme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wrim",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wurm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wyrm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wyrme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "worm",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "wormes",
"pl2": "wormen",
"pl2_qual": "mostly early"
},
"expansion": "worm (plural wormes or (mostly early) wormen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "glouworm"
},
{
"word": "wormwode"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A worm or insect resembling one:",
"An insect that infests organic matter (e.g. a maggot)"
],
"links": [
[
"worm",
"worm#English"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"resembling",
"resemble"
],
[
"infest",
"infest"
],
[
"organic",
"organic"
],
[
"matter",
"matter"
],
[
"maggot",
"maggot#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A worm or insect resembling one:",
"A parasitic worm (especially of the stomach)"
],
"links": [
[
"worm",
"worm#English"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"resembling",
"resemble"
],
[
"parasitic",
"parasitic"
],
[
"especially",
"especially#English"
],
[
"stomach",
"stomach#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A worm or insect resembling one:",
"A worm symbolising regret or malice."
],
"links": [
[
"worm",
"worm#English"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"resembling",
"resemble"
],
[
"symbolising",
"symbolise"
],
[
"regret",
"regret"
],
[
"malice",
"malice"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A snake or snakish monster:",
"A dragon (mythological lizard)"
],
"links": [
[
"snake",
"snake"
],
[
"snak",
"snak"
],
[
"monster",
"monster"
],
[
"dragon",
"dragon"
],
[
"mythological",
"mythological#English"
],
[
"lizard",
"lizard#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A snake or snakish monster:",
"A monster that torments sinners in Hell."
],
"links": [
[
"snake",
"snake"
],
[
"snak",
"snak"
],
[
"monster",
"monster"
],
[
"torment",
"torment"
],
[
"sinner",
"sinner"
],
[
"Hell",
"Hell"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any pestilential or creeping creature."
],
"links": [
[
"pestilential",
"pestilential"
],
[
"creep",
"creep"
],
[
"creature",
"creature"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A pauper, miser, or other contemptuous individual."
],
"links": [
[
"pauper",
"pauper"
],
[
"miser",
"miser"
],
[
"contemptuous",
"contemptuous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"enm:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"Satan, the Devil."
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"Satan",
"Satan"
],
[
"Devil",
"Devil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity, rare) Satan, the Devil."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"enm:Veterinary medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"A muscle under a dog's tongue."
],
"links": [
[
"veterinary medicine",
"veterinary medicine"
],
[
"muscle",
"muscle"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(veterinary medicine, rare) A muscle under a dog's tongue."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"pathology",
"sciences",
"veterinary",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wurm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/wɛrm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/wirm/",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"word": "worm"
}
Download raw JSONL data for worm meaning in Middle English (4.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.